Embedded Linux · Kernel · FPGA · 5G/6G

An Engineer's Notebook: Embedded, Kernel, 5G/6G

Personal technical notes and short research articles on embedded Linux, the Linux kernel, programming, FPGA and wireless networking (5G/6G), written in both Vietnamese and English.

Vu Tang · Firmware Team Leader, 5G/6G Project at Viettel High Tech

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327 notes10 topicssince 2019updated 2026-11-08

Quote by Paulo Coelho, the author of "The Alchemist"

Latest articles

AMD EDF: khi Yocto thuần thay thế PetaLinux2026-11-08Embedded

AMD đang thay PetaLinux bằng Embedded Development Framework (EDF), một workflow dựa hoàn toàn trên Yocto Project, ra mắt cùng Vivado 2025.1; PetaLinux được đưa vào diện…

Power of 10 của NASA/JPL: 10 quy tắc viết mã C an toàn và vụ Toyota2026-11-08Programming

Power of 10 là bộ 10 quy tắc viết mã C do Gerard Holzmann (NASA/JPL) công bố năm 2006, và từng được nhóm phần mềm của NASA dùng làm một thước đo khi đánh giá firmware…

Linux kernel cân nhắc loại bỏ KGDB: QEMU có đủ thay thế?2026-11-06Linux Kernel

Ngày 28/10/2026, Peter Zijlstra gửi lên kernel mailing list một patch loại bỏ hoàn toàn KGDB khỏi Linux kernel. Đối với phần lớn lập trình viên phần mềm máy chủ, đây có…

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Topics

EmbeddedBoards, boot (U-Boot, GRUB), storage, build system (Yocto, Buildroot, Petalinux), edge AI, OTA update, networking, time sync (GNSS, PTP), IoT, BMC and Linux system usage.

• Linux Embedded Overview
• Linux System
  • Overview
  • SSH: điều khiển từ xa
  • Init system WIP
  • Môi trường phát triển trên host
  • Serial console
• Hardware Platforms
  • HW Platforms
  • Zynq
    • Zynq Overview
    • Zedboard
    • ZC706
    • Picozed
  • i.MX6 (DART-MX6)
  • IMX8 WIP
  • Raspberry Pi 3B
  • Rockchip (RK3399)
• MCU
  • Overview
  • Các dòng MCU phổ biến WIP
  • MCU trong hệ thống Linux WIP
• Storage
  • Chọn bộ nhớ non-volatile
  • EEPROM
• Boot
  • Bootloader Overview
  • U-Boot
  • U-Boot on Zynq
  • BIOS (Legacy)
  • EDK2 (UEFI)
  • GRUB
• Board Bring-up & Debug
  • Porting Linux lên board tùy biến
  • Log boot và earlycon
  • Debug ứng dụng user space
• FPGA SoC
  • Nạp bitstream FPGA từ Linux (Zynq)
• Build System
  • Yocto
  • Buildroot
  • Buildroot: package và BR2_EXTERNAL
  • Xilinx Petalinux
  • Root filesystem cho thiết bị
• Product Lifecycle
  • OTA Update
  • Provisioning & Device Identity WIP
• Networking
  • Overview
  • Fundamentals
  • Linux Networking Stack
  • Link Layer & Hardware
  • Tools & Debug
  • DPDK
  • Network Block Device
• Time & Sync
  • GNSS
    • GNSS Overview
    • Các hệ thống GNSS
    • GNSS trên Linux (gpsd, NMEA, 1PPS)
    • NMEA 0183
  • Linux PTP
  • Clock
    • Thạch anh và bộ dao động
    • Clock synthesizer và jitter cleaner
    • DPLL và đồng bộ mạng
• Edge AI
  • Overview
  • Edge AI trên Linux SoC có NPU
  • TinyML trên MCU
• IoT
  • IoT Overview
  • Kiến trúc Device–Gateway–Cloud
  • MCU Node & RTOS WIP
  • Connectivity
    • So sánh công nghệ kết nối
    • BLE trên Linux WIP
    • Thread, Zigbee & Matter WIP
    • LoRa / LoRaWAN WIP
    • Cellular modem WIP
    • Wi-Fi provisioning WIP
  • Protocols
    • MQTT
    • CoAP & LwM2M WIP
    • Industrial WIP
  • Edge Gateway WIP
  • Lab: Pi 3B IoT Gateway WIP
• Open Source Packages
  • Overview
  • Web Server
    • Overview & So sánh
    • lighttpd WIP
    • Nginx WIP
    • Mongoose / CivetWeb WIP
    • Backend
      • PHP WIP
• Platform Management (BMC)
  • BMC Overview
  • IPMI
  • Redfish WIP
  • OpenBMC WIP

Linux KernelDevice drivers (I2C, SPI, GPIO, UART, ALSA) and kernel debugging.

• Linux Kernel Overview
• Core & Internals
  • Kernel Release Process
  • Kernel Data Structure
  • Kernel Boot Process
  • Kernel Command Line
  • Kernel Space, User Space Interfaces WIP
    • Overview
    • System Call
    • Device File & ioctl
    • Pseudo Filesystem
    • mmap, UIO, dma-buf
    • Async Notification
    • Netlink
    • Advanced Interfaces
    • ABI & Security
    • Lab
  • Kernel Module
• Interrupt, Memory & Concurrency
  • Interrupt & Bottom Half
  • Đồng bộ hóa (Locking)
  • Quản lý bộ nhớ trong driver
  • DMA
• Real-time & CPU Isolation
  • Real-time Linux (PREEMPT_RT)
  • isolcpus
  • nohz_full
  • IRQ Affinity & irqbalance
• Driver Model & Device Tree
  • Linux Device Driver Overview
  • Device Tree
  • Platform Device
  • Character Device
• Bus Drivers
  • I2C Subsystem
  • SPI Subsystem
  • SPI Subsystem (Advanced)
  • PCIe
  • JESD204
• Hardware Frameworks
  • GPIO
  • Common Clock Framework
  • Pin Control (pinctrl)
  • Regulator
  • Power Management
  • UART
  • Audio
  • FPGA Manager
• Storage
  • Flash Storage (MTD, MMC)
• Tracing & Debug
  • Overview
  • Log & Tracing
    • printk & Kernel Log
    • Dynamic Debug
    • FTrace
    • Tracepoint & Trace Events
    • eBPF & bpftrace WIP
    • perf trong kernel WIP
    • Đo độ trễ bằng tracing WIP
  • Chẩn đoán lỗi
    • Đọc Oops và Panic
    • Bộ phát hiện lỗi WIP
    • Debug bộ nhớ kernel WIP
    • Fault injection WIP
    • debugfs & truy cập thanh ghi WIP
  • Live Debug
    • KGDB & kdb
    • KGDB trên QEMU (Lab)
    • JTAG Debug (OpenOCD)
  • Post-mortem
    • Kernel Crash Dump (kdump)

VirtualizationHypervisors (KVM, Hyper-V, Jailhouse), containers (Docker) and embedded use cases.

• Overview
• Foundations
  • CPU Virtualization
  • Memory Virtualization
  • I/O Virtualization
• Hypervisor
  • Hypervisor & Hyper-V
  • KVM & QEMU
  • Partitioning Hypervisor
• Container
  • Container Internals
  • Docker
  • Docker Compose
• Sandbox & micro-VM
• Real-time & vRAN
  • Real-time KVM tuning
  • vRAN trên VM
• Embedded Use Cases
  • Docker cho môi trường build
  • QEMU cross-arch

Wireless / RAN5G/6G RAN: CU/DU/RU and splits, Open Fronthaul, PTP synchronization, L1 acceleration and the 6G roadmap.

• Overview
• Mobile Generations
  • Generations (1G-5G)
  • 5G Usage Scenarios & Slicing
• Standards Bodies
  • ITU
  • 3GPP
  • IEEE
• O-RAN
  • Overview
  • WG1 (Architecture & Use Cases)
  • WG2 (Non-RT RIC & A1)
  • WG3 (Near-RT RIC & E2)
  • WG4 (Open Fronthaul)
  • WG6 (Cloudification & Orchestration)
  • WG11 (Security)
• Spectrum
  • Frequency Bands
  • RF Bandwidth (IBW, OBW)
  • RF Requirements (ACLR, EVM)
  • Carrier Aggregation
  • Dual Connectivity
  • DSS và Refarming
• Physical Layer (PHY)
  • OFDM
  • NR Numerology
  • Channel Coding (LDPC, Polar)
  • Physical Channels
  • Reference Signals & CSI
  • MIMO & Beamforming
• Air Interface & Procedures
  • Protocol Stack & States
  • Frame Structure & Resource Grid
  • Initial Access
  • Attach / Registration & Session
  • Connected Mode & Mobility
  • MAC Scheduler
• Architecture & Transport
  • RAN Architecture & Splits
  • RAN Deployment Models
  • Open Fronthaul
  • Synchronization
• RAN Equipment
  • RU Architecture
  • RF Transceiver & Front-end
  • DFE: CFR & DPD
  • DU/CU Architecture
  • L1 & Acceleration
• RAN Control & Automation
  • RAN Intelligent Controller
• Emerging Technologies
  • NTN Overview
  • ISAC Overview
  • AI-RAN Overview
  • 6G Roadmap

SecurityThreat model, CVE management, TLS / SSH, secure boot, TrustZone, security testing, IoT security and device compliance & certification.

• Overview
• Vulnerability Management
  • CVE
  • InsightVM (Rapid7)
• Cryptography & Transport Security
  • RSA
  • TLS
  • HTTPS
  • SSH
  • IPsec
• Secure Boot & Trusted Execution
  • Secure boot và TrustZone
• Compliance & Certification
  • Overview
  • CE Marking & RED
  • Consumer IoT
  • Telecom & RAN
• Security Testing
  • Overview
  • OWASP WSTG
  • Checkmarx và Klocwork (SAST)
• IoT
  • IoT Security WIP

ProgrammingC, build tools (Make, CMake, Git), data structures, design patterns, perf, multi-threading, shell script and Python.

• C
  • C introduction
  • C toolchain
    • Overview
    • Build pipeline
    • Object file và ELF
    • Linking
    • Từ executable đến process
    • Build nhiều file
    • Cross compile
    • Debug và phân tích
• Dev Tools
  • Makefile
  • CMake
  • Version control Concept
  • Git
  • Phân tích tĩnh mã nguồn
• DSA
  • Index
  • Linked List
  • Queue
• Coding Convention
  • Overview
  • Linux Kernel Coding Style
• SQL
• Linux Programming Interfaces
• Ứng dụng real-time trên Linux
• Design Patterns
• UML
• Multi-threads
• Perf
• Shell Script
• Python
• Software Engineering
  • Quy trình phát triển phần mềm
  • CI/CD cho phần mềm nhúng

Chip & SoCComputer architecture (ISA, microarchitecture, storage, SoC) and IC design (RTL, FPGA, timing analysis, verification).

• Overview
• Computer Architecture
  • Overview
  • ISA
    • Overview
    • RISC-V
    • Arm
    • x86
  • Microarchitecture
    • Overview
    • Pipeline
    • Cache
    • Memory Hierarchy
  • Storage
    • Flash (NOR, NAND, eMMC)
    • HDD & SSD
    • RAID
  • High-speed I/O
    • Line Coding (NRZ, PAM4, 8b/10b)
    • SerDes
    • PCIe
  • SoC / System
    • Overview
    • DMA Controller
    • RISC-V Server SoC Spec
• IC Design
  • Overview
  • RTL / HDL
    • Overview
    • Clock domain crossing
  • FPGA
    • Overview
    • Xilinx IPCore
  • Static Timing Analysis
  • Verification
    • Overview

Hardware DesignBoard-level hardware: passives (resistors, capacitors), power, PCB layout, SMT manufacturing and board bring-up.

• Overview
• Product Development
• Passives
• Power
• PCB Design
  • Overview
  • Differential Pair
• Form Factor
  • PCIe Add-in Card (CEM)
• Manufacturing
  • SMT
  • Quality Control (IQC, IPQC, OQC) WIP
• Bring-up & Debug

NotesBook notes, bookmarks, Mkdocs and Markdown.

• Book & Materials
  • C Programming
  • Linux Programming
  • Linux Device Driver
  • Linux Kernel
  • Linux Embedded
  • Data Structure & Algorithms
  • Others
• Math & Physics WIP
  • Overview
  • Linear Algebra
  • Probability & Statistics
  • Calculus & Fourier
  • Signals & Systems
  • Discrete Math & Boolean
  • Circuits & Electromagnetics
  • Semiconductor Physics
• Bookmarks
• Mkdocs Tool
• Markdown Language
• Đơn vị đo lường
• What's next

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